These articles in Adobe PDF format are intended for colleagues and school science students. Nothing more than arithmetic is needed – no fancy maths.
The calculations, and the handy rules from which they derive are mine in the sense that I worked through them and found them, and didn’t rip them off from someone else. However, they are all indebted to the many people, famous and obscure, who figured out how nature works – hard-
Heating water – how long does it take to heat a quantity of water? – a handy rule: File: Heating water.pdf
Hot water flow rate and combi boiler size – how to calculate one from the other without a manual: File: HW flow rate & boiler size.pdf
Gas rate and gas flow rate – why gas flow rate can be more accurate and useful than “gas rate” (boiler input power): File: Gas rate & gas flow rate.pdf
Gases –
Condensing boilers –
The carbon footprint of burning natural gas –
Flue gas carbon dioxide and oxygen – the relationship between them explained in numbers and a graph: File: Flue gas carbon dioxide and oxygen.pdf
Expansion vessels, as found in boilers in sealed systems –
How fast does gas flow in our pipes? Some straightforward calculations, and answers we can relate to: File: Speed of gas.pdf
Gross and net heat inputs explained, along with how daft efficiency figures can appear in calculations: File: Gross and net and weird efficiency.pdf
Central heating water quality: File: Heating water quality.pdf
Heat flows –